Car-roof.



W. A. BREWER.

' CAR a'ooF.

APPLICATION FILED IIIAR. ZO, 1913. iu Patented July 6, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

w. A. BREWER. A

CAR RooF. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20. 1913. l l $145 'Panted July 6,1915. n 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- Wy /f mi. .lill y* v' W. A. BREWER.

cARoof. v APPLICATION FILED M'R. 20. 19H1-= 1M5m Patented July 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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'WILLIAM BREWER, UF PITTSBURGH, FENNSY'LVANA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE jASSIGNMENTS, T0 P. H. MURPHY CGMPANY, 0F PARNASSUS, PENNSYL- VNIA,CGRFORAION-OF PENNSYLVANIA.

CAR-R001?.

Application led March fw, 1913. Serial N o. 755,609.

, line 11-11 of Fig. 10; Fig. 19. is a detail To all whom it mayconcern.'

Be it known that LWVILLrAM AA.. BREWER, a citizen of the United States,and a. resi-- dent oit the city of Pittsburgh, in the county ofAllegheny and State of- Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulimprovement in Car-Roofs, of which the following is a specilication. g

This linvention relates to car roofs and m re particularly to outsidevmetal roofs.

t has for its principal objects to produce an' improved'roof comprisinga plurality of metal sheetsmovably mounted on the substructureandijhaving their marginal portions arranged to coperate with holldvv,

. metal seam caps so as to provide flexible waterproof seam joints; to,v provide novel means for securing the seam caps to the substructure;to Iprovide an improved support for theirunning board saddles invconjunction with the seam caps; and vto attain certain advantages whichwill hereinafter more fully appear.

The invention'consists in the parts and in the arrangements andcombinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification andwherein like symbols refer. to like parts whereverA they occur,-Figure 1y isa fragmentary side elevation of the top portion of a car, showing aseam cap and cooperating p0rtions of roof sheets embodying theinvention; Fig. 2 is a section, on an enlarged scale, through a seam capand adjoining portions of two roof sheets; Fig. 3 is a top plan view ofthe end portion of a seam cap detached( Fig. 4 is a section onlor aboutthe line 4 4 of Fig. l; Fig. 5 is a trans verse section through the roofin the region of the ridge pole, the seam cap and runir ing board saddlebeing shown partly in section and partly yin elevation; Fig. 6 is asection through the seam cap and securing clip for the running boardsaddledetached; Fig. 7 is an' inverted view of one ofthe securingmembers for the seam cap; Fig. 8 isa section on a line 8 8 of Fig. 7;Fig. 9 is a section through the roof in `they region of the cuves.showing a modification ofthe seam cap and roof sheets; Fig. 10 is atransverse section through the roof in the region of the ridge pole,showing the seam cap illustrated in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a section on theSpe'cication of Letters Patent.

)Patented J1' uly t?, 1915.

View of the securing member for the seam cap shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 1,3is a section through the eaves portion of the roof, lshowing the seamcap and securing member therefor in section and also showing a furthermodification of the roof sheets; Fig. 14 isA a section through the seamcap and adjoining portionsv of' two roof sheets, showing a modificationof the marginal formation ofthe roof sheets; Fig. 15 is an end view of aroofing sheet as illustrated in Fig. 9; and Fig. 16 is. an end viewofthe roofing sheet shownin Fig. 13.

, The roof sheets 1 are'movably mounted on the wooden sheathing 2 of thesubstrrcture. The substructure may comprise any suitable framing. Asshown in the drawings, the framing includes side plates 3 and a ridgepole 4. The carlines or transverse frame members are omitted, as t eyform no part of the present invention. The side sheathing '5 is fastenedto the side lates, and over this sheathing is placed IBF molding orfascia 6 for protecting the roof covering in case the car side scrapes";The roof sh ets 1, as shown, extend transversely all e way across thecar and terminate at or near the eaves, and the sheets may be adapted;either for a peaked roof, as shown, or a curved arched or radial roof,as desired.'l The ends of the sheets may be turned down over the eaves,or as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the ends of the sheets may be 1 turnedback under the body and spaced e usual eavesI eaves flashing strips 9whose outer marginal portions are turned down 'against the side of thecar, as at 10, and nailed thereto.

ln Fig. 9 the eaves flashing 9a has a rebent inner marginal portion 8,the arrangement being similar to the flashing 9 except that saidflashing 9a and its rebent portion 8a is narrower. In both cases, theflashing rests on a rabloeted portion of the roof sheathing 2. The rootlsheets 1 shown in Fig. 9 merely have their end portions offset downwardso as to provide a lip 11 which rests on said flashing 9a between theeaves and the rebent portion 8a. A still further modification is shownin Fig. 13. The eaves.

latter terminates approximately flush with the outer face of the sideplate 3. The top edges of the side sheathing 5 and the eaves molding 6terminate on a line with the top of the side plate. The ends ofthe roofsheets are flexible, and are bent down and out, as at 12, so as toprovide a springy lip which rests on the flashing between the eavesandthe end of the roof sheathing.

The side marginal portions of the roof sheets 1 are turned back over thebody portion and may be either' flanged upward as at 13, as shown moreclearly in Figs. 2, 11 and 15, wherein the flange comprises the twothicknesses of the metal pressed close together, or said two upstandingthicknesses of metal may be spread apart to provide a hollow upstandingrib 13 whose outer wall is vertical and inner wall is inclined as shownmore clearly in Figs. 14 and 16. The extreme marginal portion 111 of theturned over portion of the roof sheet is bent upward and back over saidturned over portion at an inclination, as shown by full lines in Figs.15 and 16 and by dotted lines in Figs. 2, 11 and 14, before the sheetsare applied to the roof. These marginal flanges 14E are adapted to bebent down upon horizontal flanges 15 extending from the lower edges ofthe side walls 16 of seam caps 17 which hold the roof sheets down andc0- 'operate with the marginal portions of the sheets to make waterproofseams. The normal distance between the edge of the flanges 14 beforethey are bent down and the flanges flanges 14 and the flanges 13 or ribs13EL is y such that the flanges 14 will still overlap the flanges 15 ofthe seani cap if the roof sheet is moved until the flange 13 comes inContact with the adjacent-side wall 416 of the seam cap. Thisarr-.ngement allows considerable movement of he roof sheets tocompensate for the'weaving and racking motion of the car substructurewithout nullifying the waterproof qualities of the seams.

The seam caps, like the rof sheets, extend continuously across the car.They may be pressed out of a single sheet of metal. As shown in Figs. 1to 6, inclusive, the seam caps are of inverted channelshape, havingplain flat top walls and straight vertical side walls with marginalflanges. The ends of the seam caps are formed by slitting the uppercorners and turning the side wall portions inward so as to overlap eachother, and then turning the top wall down over 'said inturned side wallportions and riveting the parts together, as at 18. The downturned topwall is extended down beyond the end of the roof sheathing and into therabbeted portion of the eaves molding or deeper than the cap shown inFigs. 1 to 6 inclusive. So, too, the end formation of the seam cap issomewhat different. Instead of slitting the cap and making the folds asshown in Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, the metal is crimped and die-shaped,as at 20, the end of the seam cap extending down below the eaves, as at19.

The seam caps are supported on the roof sheathing by brackets or clipshaving key slots for the reception of fastening bolts which are securedthrough the substructure. As shown in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, the seamcaps are secured to U-shaped sheet metal clips 21 having marginalflanges 22 which are riveted to the top wall 17 of the seam cap. Theseclips are provided with key slots 23 having enlargements 24 which arecounterparts of the heads of fastening bolts 25, so that said bolts maybe inserted in said slots by first passing the head of the bolt edgewisethrough the enlargement 24 and then turning the body of the bolt intothe slot 23. After the bolts have been placed in the clips they aredropped down through holes provided therefor in the sheathing and-sideplates and ridge pole, and at any other point on the substructure wherethe securing clips happen to be placed. In practice, three of the clipsare ordinarily provided for each seam cap, one being located at theridge and the two others -over the side plates. In some cases, h0w-`ever, more of the clips may be used at intervals throughout the lengthof the seam The 'supporting brackets Q1 shown in figs. 9 to 13,inclusive. may be of 1nalle able castings. They have plate portions 22which are riveted to the top wall of the seam cap and a bottom plateportion provided with a slot 23 adapted to receive the fastening bolt25.

In the case of a peaked roof, there is obviously a specialsupporting'bracket or clip provided at the ridge so as to correspond tothe inclination of the roof on opposite sides of the ridge. As shown inFig. 5, the sheet lnetal clip 21 is identical With the clips over theside plates except that the flanges 22 are intacte as to retain theroofing sheets yet the fastening is somewhat flexible and the roofingsheets are permitted considerable movement to compensate for the Weavingand racking of the car. The peculiar seam arrangementy afforded by thecooperating flanges or ribs 13 or 13, Aas the case may be, and thedown-turned flanges or ,lips 14 Which overhang the llanges 15 of theseam caps, makes it practically impossible for Water to percolate or bedriven in under the seam'cap. Any Water which may enter under the flangeor lip 14 Will be readily conducted ofl through the space between theend of the flange 15 of the seam cap and the bend at the base of theflange 14; and should any Water be driven With such force that it willget under the flange 15 of the seam cap, it will be conducted oilthrough the space between the llange 1.3 or rib 13a, as the case may be,and side Wall 16 of the seam cap, as thev area is considerably greaterthan, the opening through which the Water enters.

The running board saddles 26 are sup ported on the seam caps by ltshapedmetal clips 27. rlhe side portions of these clips are perforated, as at28, to receive bolts 29 which are passed through horizontal holesl inthe running board saddles. rlhe bottom portions of the clips restflatvvise on the seam caps-and are fastened by rivets 30. The samerivets may also be used to tasten supporting clips 31 located under theseam caps and resting on the root sheathing` 2. The supporting .clips31, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, are of' inverted Ushape and have marginalflanges 32 which rest flatvvise on the roof sheathing. 'By thisarrangement, the running boardfsaddles have a firm sup port and the seamcaps are prevented from being crushed in, Without taking 'from thedesired flexibility of the roof structure.

Obviously, the construction and arrangement of the several parts admitsof considerable modification Without departing.

from the invention. Therefore, l do not Wish to be limited to thespecific construction and arrangement shovvh.

l Whatl claim is:

1. In a car roof, the combination With the substructure, of' metal roofsheets movably mounted on the substructure, said sheets ex-A tendingtransversely of the carand being spaced apart, and Ainvertedchannel-shaped seam caps having flanged marginal portions straddling theadjacent marginal por tions of adjoining sheets, said roof sheets havingupstanding ribs at their margins Within said seam caps and having langesoutside of said seam caps turned down upon the marginal flanges of thelatter.

2. In a car roof, the combination with the substructure, of metal roofsheets movably mounted on the substructure, said sheets extendingtransversely of the car and portions of the folded portions of thesheets I outside of the seam caps being bent back upon the seam capflanges.

3. ln a car roof, the combination With the substructure, of metal roofsheets Inov- 'ably mounted on the substructure, Said S0 sheets extendingtransversely of the car and being spaced apart, and invertedchannelshaped seam caps having 4flanged marginal portions straddling theadjacent marginal portions of adjoining roof sheets, said roof 35h,sheets having their marginal portions folded bach upon the top thereof,said folded, marginal portions of the sheets being formed to provideupstanding ribs Within said seam caps, said ribs being spaced from theside Walls of said seam caps, and the extreme marginal portions oit'said folded portions of the sheets outside of the seam caps being bentback upon the seam cap langes, the edges of said bent back extrememarginal portions oi the sheets being spaced from the adjacent sideWalls of the seam caps and the edges of the seam cap flanges beingspaced from the bends at the bases of said bent back extreme marginalportions of the sheets. y

4. ln a car roof, the combination with the substructure, saidsubstructure including Wooden sheathing terminating short of theeaves,of metal roof sheets movably mounted on the sheathing, said sheetsextending transversely of the car andhavi'ng their adiacent marginalportions arranged and adapted for a flexible waterproof seam, saidsheets terminating short of the eaves and having their end portions bentdown and outward beyond the ends of the sheathing, and flashing stripsextending underneath the end portions ot' the sheets in contacttherewith, the inner marginal portions of said flashing strips beinginserted under thel roof sheathing and the outer marginal p0rtions beingturned down over the eaves and secured to the side of' the car.

5. ln a car roof, metal roof sheets mounted on the substructure, saidsheets extending transversely of the car and having upstanding ribs attheir side margins and a flange inward from each marginal rib, saidinner flanges being originally set toward the respective marginal ribsat an acute angle to the body of the sheet and adapted to be bent downparallel with the body oli' the sheet after the sheet is applied on theroof.

6. l metal roof sheet, having its eide' mar- 3130 1' ginal portionsfolded back upon it, said folded portions being formed to provideupstanding ribs at the margins of the sheet, the extreme marginalportions of said folded portions of the'sheet being bent upward andtoward the marginal rib at an acute. angle to the body of the sheet andadapted to be bent down parallel with the body of the sheet after thesheet is applied on the rooii.

'1. Ina car roof, the combination with the substructure, of metal rootlsheets mounted thereon, said roof sheets extending transversely of thecar and being spaced apart, inverted channel-shaped seam caps extendingcontinuously across the car from eaves to eaves and respectivelystraddling the adjacent marginal portions of two roof sheets, themarginal portions of said seam caps cooperating with the adjacentportions of the roof' sheets to provide waterproof seams, securingbrackets fastened to the seam caps and resting on thesubstructurebetween the adjacent marginal portions of the roof sheets, securing-bolts fastened to said securing brackets and 'fastened in the roofsubstructure, substantially U-shaped clips fastened on top of said seamcaps, running board saddles secured to said clips by horizontal boltsextending through perforations in the side members of said clips, andsupporting brackets secured to the underside of the top walls of saidseam caps beneath said U-shaped running board saddle supporting clipsand resting on the substructure.

8. In a car roof, the combination with the substructure, of metal roofsheets mounted thereon, said roof sheets extending transversely of thecar and being spaced apart, inverted channel-shaped seam Capsrespectively straddling the adjacent marginal portions of two adjoiningroof sheets, said seam caps extending continuously across the car fromeaves to eaves and being supported at the middle and adjacent to theeaves by brackets resting on the substructure between the adjacent facesof the roof sheets, securing bolts below said seam caps and fastened tosaid seam cap supporting brackets and fastened in the substructure,additional supporting brackets located under the seam caps and restingon the substructure between the roof sheets, and running board saddlessup ported on said seam caps above said lastmentioned supportingbrackets.

9. A seam cover 'ora car roof, said seam cover being of' invertedchannel shape and having a sheet metal fastener secured at its ends tothe under side of said seam cover between and spaced from its sidewalls, said fastener having an ii'itermediatc portion spaced below saidseam cover and provided with a key slot adapted to receive the head of asecuring bolt.

10. A seam cover for 'a car roof, said seam cover being of invertedchannel shape and having a fastener secured to its under side betweenand spaced from its side walls, said fastener having a bearing portionspaced below said seam cover a distance greater than the depth of thechannel, and a slot in said fastener adapted to receive the head of asecuring bolt.

Signed at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, this 17 day of March, 1913.

WILLIAM A. BREWER.

Witnesses:

DWIGHT MURPHY, Criss. C. DUFOUR.

